• 5 a day
     
     
    In this unit students will be able to:
    • identify foods and discuss meals
    • talk about places where you eat
    • talk about places where you buy food
    • order food or a beverage at a cafe
    • compare eating habits in Spain, Latin America, and the United States
    Students will use:
    • present tense of regular-ar, -er, and -ir verbs
    Presente de los verbos 
    en -er, -ir

    1. You have already learned the present tense of regular -ar verbs. There are two other families or conjugations of regular verbs. Verbs whose infinitives end in -er are second conjugation verbs. Verbs whose infinitives end in -irare third conjugation verbs. Some verbs of the second and third conjugations that you will use frequently are comer, beber, leer, ver, comprender (to understand), aprender (to learn), abrir, recibir, escribir, and vivir.
       
    2. Study the following forms of -er and -ir verbs. 

    infinitive     comer
    stem     com-
    yo   como nosotros(as)   comemos
    tú   comes vosotros(as)   coméis
    Ud., él, ella   come Uds., ellos, ellas   comen

    infinitive     vivir
    stem     viv-
    yo   vivo nosotros(as)   vivimos
    tú   vives vosotros(as)   vivís
    Ud., él, ella   vive Uds., ellos, ellas   viven

    Note that all forms of -er and -ir verbs are the same except nosotros(as)and vosotros(as).
       
    3.
     
    Note also the forms of the verb ver.
     
                            Yo veo                     nosotros/as vemos
                            tu ves                      vosotros/as veis
     
                            Usted                       Ustedes
                            el/ella ve                   ellos/ellas ven
     
    • expressions with the infinitive - ir a, tener que, acabar de
    Expresiones con el infinitivo

     

    1. You have already learned that the infinitive of a verb in Spanish ends in -ar,-er, or -ir. The infinitive often follows another verb or expression. You have already seen the infinitive used in the following sentences.

       ¿Qué desean ustedes tomar?
       Debes estudiar y aprender más.
       
    2. Here are some other useful expressions that are followed by the infinitive.

       tener que    to have to
       ir a    to be going to
       acabar de    to have just (done something)
       —Tengo que comer algo. Voy a ir a la cafetería.
       —Yo no. Acabo de comer y no tengo hambre.

     

    El presente regular
    Aprende y practica: https://www.profedeele.es/actividad/gramatica/presente-regular/
    Para practicar: https://www.quia.com/quiz/167723.html?AP_rand=2105485291
                          https://www.quia.com/rr/213862.html
     
     
     
     
     
    IR+a+infinitivo
    INstructional video: Near future ir+a+inf.
    Los verbos interesar, aburrir, gustar

     

    1. The verbs interesar and aburrir function the same in English and in Spanish. Study the following examples.

      ¿Te aburre el béisbol? Does baseball bore you?
      No, el béisbol me interesa. No, baseball interests me.
         
      ¿Te aburren los deportes? Do sports bore you?
      No, los deportes me interesan. No, sports interest me.
       
    2. The verb gustar in Spanish functions the same as interesar and aburrir. Gustar conveys the meaning to like, but its true meaning is to please. The Spanish way of saying I like baseball is Baseball pleases me. 

      ¿Te aburre el béisbol? No. Me interesa.
      ¿Te gusta el béisbol? Sí, me gusta mucho el béisbol.
      ¿Te gustan los deportes en general? Sí, me gustan todos.
       
    3. Gustar is often used with an infinitive to tell what you like to do.

      ¿Te gusta ganar? Sí. No me gusta perder.
      ¿Te gusta comer? Sí, me gusta comer.
     
    GUSTAR and verbs alike:
    Lesson and Gustar chart: http://www.spanish.cl/grammar-rules/gustar.htm 
    Lesson on verb GUSTAR: http://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/gustar
     
    Juego de gramática:  http://www.spanish.cl/juegos-gramatica/gusta-gustan.htm 
    Quiz gustar and verbs alike:  http://studyspanish.com/grammar/test/gustar
    http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=verbs-like-gustar
    Immediate feedback: http://personal.colby.edu/~bknelson/SLC/gustar1.html 
    http://mld.ursinus.edu/~jarana/Ejercicios/self-check/gustar2.html 
     
    http://www.spanishuno.com/grammar-practice.asp?shelf=3&lesson=878&text=Exercise%20No.%201:%20Verbs%20like%20-%20Gustar&practice=3300 (there are several practices with immediate feedback)
     
    Quiz gustar and verbs alike (challenging): http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/practice/40
    Quia quiz: https://www.quia.com/quiz/308550.html
     
    Conjuguemos worksheet: https://conjuguemos.com/grammar/homework/202
    https://personal.colby.edu/~bknelson/SLC/gustar2.html 
     
    Gustar games: https://www.quia.com/rr/92306.html 
    Gustar/encantar: https://www.quia.com/pop/40549.html
    Gustar java games: https://www.quia.com/jg/409276.html 
     
     
     
    • present tense of stem-changing verbs
    Los verbos de cambio radical e → ie

     

    1.
    Some verbs in Spanish are called stem-changing verbs. The verbs empezar, pensar, perder, querer, and preferir are examples of stem-changing verbs. All forms, except the nosotros (and vosotros) forms, change the e of the infinitive to ie. The endings of these verbs are the same as those of a regular verb.
    querer
    yo
    quiero
    nosotros(as)
    queremos
    tú
    quieres
    vosotros(as)
    queréis
    Ud., él, ella
    quiere
    Uds., ellos, ellas
    quieren
     
     
    2.
    Read the following verbs across. Observe the stem change and note that the endings are the same as those of a regular verb.
     
    empezar
    perder
    preferir
    yo
    empiezo
    pierdo
    prefiero
    tú
    empiezas
    pierdes
    prefieres
    Ud., él, ella
    empieza
    pierde
    prefiere
    nosotros(as)
    empezamos
    perdemos
    preferimos
    vosotros(as)
    empezáis
    perdéis
    preferís
    Uds., ellos, ellas
    empiezan
    pierden
    prefieren
     
     
    Los verbos de cambio radical o → ue

    1.

    The verbs poder, volver, devolver, and dormir (to sleep) are also stem-changing verbs. The o of the infinitive changes to ue in all forms except nosotros (and vosotros).

    poder
    yo puedo nosotros(as) podemos
    tú puedes vosotros(as) podéis
    Ud., él, ella puede Uds., ellos, ellas pueden
       
    2. Read the following verbs across. Observe the stem change and note that the endings are the same as those of a regular verb of the same conjugation. 

      volver dormir
    yo vuelvo duermo
    tú vuelves duermes
    Ud., él, ella vuelve duerme
    nosotros(as) volvemos dormimos
    vosotros(as) volvéis dormís
    Uds., ellos, ellas vuelven duermen
       
    3. The u in the verb jugar also changes to ue in all forms except nosotros (and vosotros).

    jugar
    yo juego nosotros(as) jugamos
    tú juegas vosotros(as) jugáis
    Ud., él, ella juega Uds., ellos, ellas juegan

     
     
     
    Los verbos de cambio radical e → i

     

    1.

    The verbs pedir, medir, mentir, and servir are also stem-changing verbs. The e of the infinitive changes to i in all forms except nosotros (and vosotros).

    pedir
    yo pido nosotros(as) pedimos
    tú pides vosotros(as) pedís
    Ud., él, ella pide Uds., ellos, ellas piden
       
    2. Read the following verbs across. Observe the stem change and note that the endings are the same as those of a regular verb of the same conjugation. 

      medir servir
    yo mido sirvo
    tú mides sirves
    Ud., él, ella mide sirve
    nosotros(as) medimos servimos
    vosotros(as) medís servís
    Uds., ellos, ellas miden sirven
       
       

     

    STEM_CHANGING verbs lessons:
    https://conjuguemos.com/tenses/spanish/1/2
    https://conjuguemos.com/tenses/spanish/1/3
    https://conjuguemos.com/tenses/spanish/1/21
    Conjugation charts:
    https://conjuguemos.com/verb/verb_chart/135
    CONJUGUEMOS variety of resources, including games:
    https://conjuguemos.com/verb/135 
     
    QUIA Rags to Riches game
    https://www.quia.com/rr/961050.html 
    https://www.quia.com/rr/87381.html
     
    QUIA quiz
    https://www.quia.com/quiz/3287043.html?AP_rand=396894015
     
    QUIA Java games
    https://www.quia.com/jg/1071770.html
     
    QUIA Jeopardy
    https://www.quia.com/cb/135389.html 
     
    OPTIONAL:
    https://conjuguemos.com/tenses/spanish/1/4
    https://conjuguemos.com/tenses/spanish/1/22 
     
    studyspanish.com
     
    Lesson o>ue: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/stemue
    Quiz o>ue: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/test/stemue
    Lesson e>ie: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/stemie
    Quiz e>ie: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/test/stemie
    Lesson e>i: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/stemi
    Quiz e>i:https://studyspanish.com/grammar/test/stemi
     
     
     
     
     
     Direct object pronouns
     
    Read the lesson: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/lessons/dopro1
    Complete the quiz: https://studyspanish.com/grammar/test/dopro1
     
     
    Vocabulary sets on quizlet.com
     
    Las comidas y las bebidas https://quizlet.com/153584321/las-comidas-y-las-bebidas-flash-cards/
    La comida mexicana https://quizlet.com/326092274/la-comida-mexicana-flash-cards/
    Las frutas. los vegetales y las nueces https://quizlet.com/228748917/las-frutas-los-vegetales-y-las-nueces-flash-cards/
    ¡A cocinar! https://quizlet.com/342131718/a-cocinar-flash-cards/
     
    Additional vocabulary and/or variations
     
    potatoes = las papas(Hispano-America)
                 = las patatas (Spain)
     
     
    dessert = el postre; la sobremesa
     
     
    cake = la torta; el pastel; la tarta; el bizcocho
     
     
    sandwich = la torta(Mexico)
                 = el bocadillo; el bocata; el emparedado (Spain)
     
     
    beans = los frijoles; las habichuelas
     
    green beans = las judias verdes; los porotos; las alubias; las chauchas; las caraotas
     
     
    (bread) roll = el panecillo
                    = el bolillo (Mexico)
     
     
    vanilla ice cream = el mantecado; el helado de vainilla
     
     
    la comida = el almuerzo; main meal (afternoon or night)
     
    ayunar = to fast (desayunar - to break fast)
     
    orange juice = jugo de naranja
                      = zumo de naranja (Spain only)
                      = jugo de china (Puerto Rico)
     
     
    regular water = agua mineral sin gas
    tap water = agua del grifo
     
    snack = la botana (In Central America and Mexico, a small portion of food, olives, peanuts etc, usually served with a drink at parties, bars, or social occasions.)
            = los antojitos (typical Mexican food, could be served in small portions)
            = los bocaditos (literrally coming from la boca=mouth; finger food, small portions)
     
    tostones (Caribbean)=patacones(the rest of Hispano-America)
     
    el mesero (la mesa=table; Hispano-America) = el camarero (Spain)
     
     
    Spanish foods and customs
     
    Quia textbook practices

    Practice vocabulary using quia games
    http://www.quia.com/pages/millcreekspanish.html
     

    ¿Qué comemos y dónde?
    http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-434531
     
     
    Spanish grammar online

    A concise outline of essential grammar structures based on
    John Turner's All the Spanish Grammar You Really Need to Know
    http://www.bowdoin.edu/~eyepes/newgr/ats/
     
    Verb conjugations

    Use this website to practice verb conjugations
    http://www.spaleon.com
     
    www.wordreference.com

    online dictionary
    http://www.wordreference.com/
     
    www.studyspanish.com

    practice vocabulario and gramatica
    http://studyspanish.com/
    Todo Claro

    Practice vocabulary, grammar, communicative phrases, and verb conjugations
    http://www.todo-claro.com/e_index.php
     
    http://pronunciator.com/
    Practice pronunciation, verb conjugation, and vocabulary