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Mohamed Muizzu

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Mohamed Muizzu
ޑރ. މުޙައްމަދު މުޢިއްޒު
President Dr. Mohamed Muizz's official portrait of 2024, The President's Office, Republic of the Maldives
Official portrait, 2024
8th President of the Maldives
Assumed office
17 November 2023
Vice PresidentHussain Mohamed Latheef
Preceded byIbrahim Mohamed Solih
Mayor of Malé
In office
17 May 2021 – 17 November 2023
PresidentIbrahim Mohamed Solih
DeputyAhmed Nareesh
Preceded byShifa Mohamed
Succeeded byAhmed Nareesh
Minister of Housing and Infrastructure
In office
21 May 2012 – 17 November 2018
PresidentMohammed Waheed Hassan
Abdulla Yameen
Preceded byHimself (as Minister of Housing and Environment)
Succeeded byMohamed Aslam
Minister of Housing and Environment
In office
19 February 2012 – 21 May 2012
PresidentMohammed Waheed Hassan
Succeeded byHimself (as Minister of Housing and Infrastructure)
Personal details
Born (1978-06-15) 15 June 1978 (age 46)
Malé, Kaafu, Maldives
Political partyPeople's National Congress (2023–Present)
Other political
affiliations		AP (2010–2014)
MDA (2014–2018)
PPM (2018–2023)
Spouse
​
(m. 2003)​
Children
Parents
RelativesMuizzu Family
ResidenceMuliaage[a]
Alma mater
Signature
WebsiteThe President's Office
Mohamed Muizz's voice
Muizzu speaks on the COP28
Recorded 1 December 2023
Other offices
This article is part of
a series about
Mohamed Muizzu
  • Political offices
  • Parties
  • Elections
  • Cabinet

Cabinet of Mohamed Muizzu

  • Housing Minister of the Maldives
  • President of the Maldives

Gallery: Picture, Sound, Video

Dr. Mohamed Muizzu[c] (born 15 June 1978) is a Maldivian politician who is the 8th and current president of the Maldives since 2023. He previously served as Housing Minister and was the mayor of Malé from 2021 until his resignation in 2023.

Born in Malé, Muizzu studied civil engineering in the United Kingdom; he completed his PhD in 2009. Muizzu was later appointed as the Minister of Housing in 2012 and continued as Minister until 2018, Muizzu was the Mayor of Malé. As a member of the People's National Congress, he was nominated as the presidential candidate after former president Abdulla Yameen was jailed for serious corruption charges. He was chosen as his successor since Abdulla Yameen was ineligible to run for elections. He was the People's National Congress candidate for the 2023 presidential election, in which he defeated then-president Ibrahim Mohamed Solih.

Muizzu has received the position of leader of the PPM–PNC Coalition, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces position in 2023, making Muizzu the first Maldivian President to hold the most positions in the Maldivian history. Furthermore, He served as the Senior Vice President of the Maldives Development Alliance from 2013 to 2018 and Deputy leader of Progressive Party of Maldives.

During his presidency, Muizzu has overseen policies including the expelling of Indian troops from the Maldives and ending secret agreements made by previous governments with other countries that allegedly threatened the independence and sovereignty of the Maldives. Muizzu has also focused on housing and structural development as well as the Government Policy and Legislative Reforms.

Early career[edit]

Mohamed Muizzu was born 15 June 1978 in the capital of the Maldives, Malé.[1] He was born to Sheikh Hussain Abdul Rahman and Husna Adam. Muizzu's Father, Hussain Abdul Rahman (1944–2015) was a former judge in the first bench of the High Court of Maldives and scholar of religion [2][3] who in 2013 received the National Award of Honour from then-president Waheed for "contribution in the area of religious awareness and religious education".[4][5] His parents divorced soon after Muizzu's birth, and he was raised by his paternal grandmother until he moved back to his mother's to attend primary school. Subsequently, he moved back to live with his father[6] Muizzu has a half-sister Fathimath Saudha, who was a PNC candidate for the Nilandhoo constituency.[7][8] She won the elections on the 21st April 2024.

Muizzu graduated from Majeediyya School in the 1990s.[9] At the age of 20, he began working for the government in 1998, as a Construction and Public Works Planning Technician Trainee at the Ministry of Construction and Public Works, under the tutelage of Umar Zahir.[10][11] Muizzu also served as the Governor of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank in 2017.[12][13][14]

In the 1990s Muizzu's Father, Hussain Abdul Rahman started the business of a daily rent hotel, which was then given to Muizzu in 2013, which was his presidential home by then, when the official residence, Muliaage was renovated.[15]

Education[edit]

Muizzu went to Iskandhar School (LKG-Grade 4), then went to Majeediyya School, the oldest school in Maldives (Grade 5-Grade 10) finished GCE O'Level with 1st place at National Level in year 1995 (Jan). Muizzu went the Science Education Centre to study (Grade 11-Grade 12) completed GCE A'Level at 4th place nationally in July 1997.[16][unreliable source?]

In 2005 obtained an ORS scholarship from the British government to study PhD in civil engineering at the University of Leeds. His PhD thesis concerned "Thermal and time-dependent effects on monolithic reinforced concrete roof slab-wall joints" and was awarded in 2009. He has also obtained the Project Management Professional (PMP) and PRINCE 2 Practitioner Certification 2019. [17][11]

Early Political career[edit]

Minister of Housing[edit]

Official portrait as Housing Minister, 2012

In 2012, Muizzu assumed the role of Minister of Housing and Environment during the administration of President Waheed as a member of the Adhaalath Party.[18] He continued in this post after the 2013 Presidential Election under President Abdulla Yameen's administration.[19] By this time Muizzu was a member of the Maldives Development Alliance (MDA), part of a coalition government.[20] The Ministry of Housing and Environment was later restructured and renamed as the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure during his five-year term in office.[18]

During this time, Muizzu oversaw several infrastructure projects including the Sinamalé Bridge. The bridge connected the capital city of Malé to the Velana International Airport on the island of Hulhulé,[21] and is the first inter-island bridge in Maldivian history.[22]

During his time as Minister of Housing and Infrastructure, Dr. Muizzu saw the successful completion of multiple land reclamation, harbour development, and water and sewerage projects across the atolls.[23]

Adhaalath Party[edit]

Dr. Muizzu was the Secretary General of the Adhaalath Party from 2010 to 2014.

Progressive Party of Maldives[edit]

Following the 2018 presidential election, Muizzu left the Maldives Development Alliance and joined the party of the outgoing president, the Progressive Party of Maldives.[24] In 2019, Muizzu was appointed the vice-president and the head of the Elections Department of the then-opposition (PPM).[25]

Mayor of Malé[edit]

In 2021, Muizzu was elected mayor of Malé defeating the candidate from the then-ruling Maldivian Democratic Party with a vote of 12470.[26][27][28] Following the election, the then-deputy leader of opposition, Muizzu took oath of office as the mayor of Malé city on 17 May 2021.[29] the oath were administered by High Court Chief Judge Haathif Hilmy in a virtual ceremony.[30]

Muizzu was the first Mayor of Malé, to be directly elected by the citizens of Malé.[23] He also became the First Mayor of Malé to be elected for a 5-year term. After 11 Years and 3 consecutive terms of rival Maldivian Democratic Party's control over Malé city council. Muizzu was elected to Mayor from Progressive Party of Maldives.[31][26][32]

During his Mayor term, Muizzu made house calls to gain a better understanding of the living conditions in Malé, and advocated for decentralization and empowerment of local bodies.[11]

Muizzu was the Mayor of Malé from 17 May, 2021 until his resignation[33] on 17 November 2023. He was also the first mayor to resign from the position.[34][35] After Muizzu became the President–Elect, Deputy Mayor Ahmed Nareesh was handed the responsibilities of the Mayor of Malé City and was the Acting Mayor of Malé.[36] After ruling Malé for 2 years and 184 days, Muizzu resigned as Mayor of Malé on 17 November 2023.[37] The decision was made following his taking oath of office as president on 17 November 2023.

President of PPM–PNC Coalition[edit]

On 5 October 2023 Muizzu was appointed as the president of People's National Congress, he assumed the role upon his victory in the presidential election.[38][39] and in December 2023, Muizzu was appointed as the president of PNC's sister party, Progressive Party of Maldives following former party leader, Abdulla Yameen left the party on November 23 to create his own political party.[40]

2023 campaign and election[edit]

Main article: 2023 Maldivian presidential election

Following the conviction of former president and opposition leader Abdulla Yameen for embezzlement, Muizzu was nominated as the presidential candidate for the People's National Congress (PNC), part of the opposition coalition, with MP Hussain Mohamed Latheef as his running mate.[41] In the first round of the 2023 Maldivian presidential election, he received 46.06% of the vote, a plurality, and advanced to the second round on 30 September 2023.[42] He was elected president in the second round, winning 54.04% against the incumbent Solih's 46.04%.[43] Muizzu was sworn in as the new president on 17 November 2023.[44][45]

Muizzu advocated for Yameen to be held under house arrest, rather than prison.[46]
During the 2023 presidential election campaign, Muizzu had visited 153 inhabited islands and all cities of the Maldives in 53 days under the theme of "Dhivehinge Raajje", endorsed by the PPM-PNC coalition. At various election events, he has delivered speeches on 205 occasions.[47][48]

Presidency[edit]

See also: Presidency of Mohamed Muizzu and Inauguration of Mohamed Muizzu

Muizzu took office as the 8th President of the Republic of Maldives on November 17, 2023.[49] He is the fourth president to be democratically elected and the sixth from Malé to ascend to the presidency.[50][51] Muizzu and his running mate, Hussain Mohamed Latheef's oath were administrated by Ahmed Muthasim Adnan, the Chief Justice of the Maldives.[52]

First 100 days[edit]

During Muizzu's first few days in office, he initiated the withdrawal of Indian troops from the Maldives.[53][54][55][56][57] During his presidential campaign, Muizzu committed to launching several housing projects within the first 100 days of his tenure, establishing a dedicated trust fund for housing, and formulating a policy to cap housing loan interest rates at five percent.[58]

Muizzu started the process of bringing an end to secret agreements made by previous governments with other countries that allegedly threatened the independence and sovereignty of the Maldives and appeal against the ruling of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea to lose part of the South Sea within the Exclusive Economic Zone.[59][60][61][62]

Domestic policy[edit]

Muizzu has announced plans to visit every island in the Maldives at least twice during his presidency.[63][64]

Projects[edit]

In December, 2023 Muizzu announced the Ras Malé land reclamation project.[65] Muizzu said that the city developed as Ras Malé at Fushi Dhiggaru Lagoon would result in the reclamation of 1,153 hectares of land, Muizzu reaffirmed his pledge to complete the project within eight months of commencement.[66] Within the speech, Muizzu declared that an additional 85 hectares from Gulhi Falhu with a bridge connection and 50 hectares from Giraavaru Falhu would be reclaimed to resolve the housing crisis in the Malé region.[67]

During several speeches, Muizzu have declared that the Addu Bridge will be completed and opened for use within his presidential term. the Addu Bridge will be the longest bridge ever built in the Maldives.[68]

First and second official trip[edit]

On 26 November 2023, Muizzu and First Lady Sajidha Mohamed went on their first official trip to Turkey. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Vice President Cevdet Yilmaz met Muizzu in Ankara.[69][70][71]

His second trip was to the United Arab Emirates, to attend the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28) in Dubai.[72][73] In the COP28, Muizzu Delivered a National statement and declared the government’s commitment to developing renewable energy systems capable of providing 33 percent of the nation’s electrical needs within the next five years.[74]

During the visit, Muizzu met with the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi and King Charles III of the United Kingdom.[75][76] He also met with the Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan, Anwaar ul Haq Kakar,[77] First Vice Premier of China, Ding Xuexiang and Sri Lankan President, Ranil Wickremesinghe.[78][79]

China and India relations[edit]

See also: 2024 India–Maldives diplomatic row
Muizzu meeting Narendra Modi in December 2023.
Muizzu meeting Xi Jinping in January 2024.

On 7 January 2024, Muizzu arrived in China on an invitation extended by President Xi Jinping.[80] as a China-pro candidate, Muizzu's presidential campaign focused on reducing Indian influence in Maldivian affairs. Observers have described him as pro-China.[81][82][83] On 13 January 2024, in the interview after coming back from China, Muizzu expressed and said;

We, our country maybe small. But that doesn't give you the license to bully us![84][85]

In the late, January 2024, Muizzu said that China–Maldives relations are based upon four principles: mutual respect, sovereign equality, territorial integrity, and non-interference in internal matters.[86] Muizzu remarked that China respects the territorial sovereignty of the Maldives just as the Maldives fully accept China's One China policy.[87][88][89]

In interviews prior to taking office, Muizzu has said that all Indian troops should leave the Maldives. As of 2024, the Maldivian Defence Ministry said about 77 Indian personnel were based in the country, operating aircraft given to the Maldives by India.[90][91][92][93] In February 2024, Muizzu said that all Indian troops should leave the Maldives before 10 May 2024. As of 10 May, all remaining Indian armed forces have left Maldives, which was confirmed by Heena Waleed, President's Office Chief Spokesperson. [94][95][96][97]

Turkey[edit]

Further information: Maldives–Turkey relations
Muizzu meets with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Ankara, 27 November 2023

Muizzu visited Turkey and had multiple meetings and agreements with the Turkish Government. Muizzu also established Maldives Embassy in Ankara in 2023 to enhance bilateral relations and promote the political, economic and cultural ties between the two countries.[98][99]

During Muizzu's official visit to Turkey, Turkish president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Muizzu had official talks. During the official talks, President Erdoğan congratulated Muizzu on his election victory and being sworn in as the ninth president of Maldives. Following the official talks, the two leaders witnessed the signing of an “Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation Between the Government of the Maldives and the Government of Turkey”.[100][101][102]

Economic policy[edit]

In January 2024, Muizzu decided to establish a development bank in the Maldives and undertake a review of the Economic Policies. Following the Cabinet discussion on a proposal submitted by the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, Muizzu decided to establish the Maldives International Financial Services Authority.[103] Muizzu has expressed a goal of forming a creative economy in the Maldives.[104][105][106]

On January 4,[clarification needed] Muizzu launched a multimillion-dollar project to upgrade Velana International Airport to boost the capacity to 25 million passengers,[107] which caused seaplane terminals to be relocated to Funadhoo for the project to continue.[108]

During the presidential address in 2024, Muizzu announced that the construction of two new airports will be started.[109] These projects aim to expand transportation services and boost the economy.[110][111]

The presidential address 2024
Mohamed Muizzu, Giving The Presidential Address 2024

The Cabinet[edit]

Muizzu's cabinet include 22 ministers.[112].The posts were handed to politicians from different political parties.[113] After his inauguration, Muizzu created two ministries - the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Welfare, and the Ministry of Cities, Local Government, and Public Works.[114]

In the late November 2023, Muizzu submitted the names of the 22 Cabinet Ministers to Parliament for parliamentary approval.[115] In January 2024, the parliament voted to deny approval to three cabinet Ministers, Attorney General Ahmed Usham, Islamic Minister Dr. Mohamed Shaheem Ali Saeed and Minister of Housing, Land and Urban Development, Dr. Ali Haidar Ahmed.[116][117]

Muizzu Again Appointed the three cabinet Ministers, Dr. Mohamed Shaheem Ali Saeed was appointed as the Minister of Islamic Affairs, Dr. Ali Haidar Ahmed was appointed as the Minister of Housing, Land and Urban Development, and Uz. Ahmed Usham was appointed as the Attorney General.[118][119]

Military[edit]

Muizzu is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Maldives.[120] In March 2024 he launched the Air Corp service of the Maldives National Defence Force, with the power to independently surveil Maldives’ Exclusive Economic Zone.[121]

With the help of the Government of Turkey, Two Bayraktar TB2 drones were brought to the Maldives in March 2024.[122] Muizzu also thanked Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan for his continuous assistance in increasing the capabilities of Maldives' military.[123]

Personal life[edit]

Main article: Family of Mohamed Muizzu

In an interview during Muizzu's election, Muizzu and First Lady Sajidha highlighted that they met on Ibrahim Nasir International Airport in April 2003.[124] Muizzu married Sajidha Mohamed on 18 May 2003; they have three children, Yasmine, Umair and Zaid.[d]

A fan of football, Muizzu is a supporter of Lionel Messi.[128] According to his family, Muizzu is a football player who in his young days, played football. Muizzu's wife, Sajidha Mohamed said that Muizzu is a Messi and Manchester United F.C. Fan.[128]

Electoral history[edit]

Year Office Type Party Main opponent Party Votes for Muizzu Result
Total % P.
2021 Mayor of Malé Local PPM

Anas Abdul Sattar

MDP 12,470 63.02 1st Won
2023 Party leader
—
 N/A N/A N/A N/A — Won
—
 PNC N/A N/A N/A N/A —
2023 President National Ibrahim Mohamed Solih MDP 101,635 46.06% 1st Won
129,159 54.04%

Awards and recognitions[edit]

Muizzu awarded by Maldives National Association of Construction Industry in 2023

On 24 December 2023, Maldives National Association of Construction Industry (MNACI) conferred[129] the "Bodu Rasgefaanu" (lit. 'great king') title on Mohamed Muizzu,[130] in appreciation of his contributions to the Maldives construction industry.[130][131]

In 2013, then-minister Muizzu was presented with the Maldives National Award by president Mohamed Waheed Hassan for "Achieving the highest academic qualification in the Maldives.[132]

Muizzu also earned his Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in civil engineering and was given the "Dr" title in 2009.[133]

  • 22 August 2013: National Award.[132]
  • 24 December 2023: Bodu Rasgefaanu title.[134]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Muliaage is the official residence of the president of the Maldives, the own Residence of Mohamed Muizzu is Dhimyaath
  2. ^ Bachelor's degree and Master's degree in University of London and a PhD in University of Leeds
  3. ^ Pronunciation: /muːiːz/ moo-EEZ
    Dhivehi: ޑރ. މުޙައްމަދު މުޢިއްޒު
  4. ^ Yasmine b.2004, Umair b.2008 and Zaid b.2015 [125][126][127]

References[edit]

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Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

Official[edit]

Others[edit]

Political offices
Preceded by Mayor of Malé
2021–2023 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President of the Maldives
2023–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by
Himself
 Minister of Housing and Infrastructure
2012–2018 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Mohamed Aslam
 Minister of Housing and Environment
2012–2012 		Succeeded by
Himself
Party political offices
Preceded by President of People's National Congress
2023–Present 		Incumbent
Preceded by President of Progressive Party of Maldives
2023–Present 		Incumbent
Other offices
Preceded by Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces
2023–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by
—
 Vice President of Progressive Party of Maldives
2019–2021 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
—
 Head of the Elections Department of Progressive Party of Maldives
2019–2021 		Succeeded by
—
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